The free beta-subunit of human chorionic gonadotropin beta is part of a glycoprotein hormone expressed in several nontrophoblastic tumours. According to a study published by Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland (1992), provided that they are measured by sufficiently sensitive and specific assays, free beta-subunit hCG appears to be useful markers for pancreatic and biliary cancer. It is also used to diagnose early pregnancy disorders including Down Syndrome.